Welcome All People!
I am brendasue of Kates Cabin Bird Sanctuary in Texas. I invite you to come in for a Break where Human Nature Meets Mother Earth Nature and Father Space Nature!! I share my digital images from the Private Bird Sanctuary. In addition we have Field Trips and visit places on the computer in a Fantastic World Tour. It is my intention to inspire You to think about all Life on Earth for the Future of Humanity. It is my Hope that You will discover New Joy!
Hi Everybody!!
Welcome to my Hometown!!
Saturday, October 13, 2012
Muddy Monsters of Louisiana Sinkhole Surface (A Radioactive Photo Blog)
Hi Everybody!!! Danger! Danger! Warning! Danger for the Gulf of Mexico Coastline. I know You, my friends, are tired of hearing me warn of the terrible dangers terrorizing the Gulf Coast Residents right now 10/2012. My Kids say really??? Have not heard anything about it. Why is that???? Where is the Media? Where is my United States Government and my President? Anybody remember Hurricane Katrina and the devastation in Louisiana we witnessed on the news? The people on their rooftops and still the Government did not come. Dead Bodies of our neighbors floating in the water and at least the movie stars came. Finally, the Federal Government came and created the second disaster for the people with the FEMA assistance program. Is it going to take dead bodies floating in the sinkhole before the Government takes a break from the Campaign Trails to come help us with the problems NOT CAUSED BY THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE HERE???? The People are getting sick. They are dying.Their Homes are sinking. These people voted You All in office. It is time to step up to the plate and say I am Sorry for what is happening to the people and their homes. I am Sorry this has been a huge cover-up of THE CAUSE leading to the series of disasters unfolding in front of the People in the South. Newsflash: The South cannot rise again from under the water. It is past time to come Help the people. My post tonight is to inform The People of the Radiation Dangers in Louisiana. I present several articles and videos on this subject. It is important to note that likely any well labeled abandoned well has been filled with oilfield wastes and/or other chemicals or gases. The well owners make money on storing radio active and other wastes under your homes. The drilling mud created by Haliburton, for example, is composed of harmful chemicals and/or radiation (see below). The exact mixture used by Haliburton on the BP oil well blow out was not made available in the investigation (according to the lecture from Stanford University, in my post about what really happened with the BP Drilling Disaster.)
On 5 January 2011,[438] the White House oil spill commission released a final report detailing faults by the companies that led to the spill.[439] The panel found that BP, Halliburton, and Transocean had attempted to work more cheaply and thus helped to trigger the explosion and ensuing leakage.[440] The report states: "Whether purposeful or not, many of the decisions that BP, Halliburton, and Transocean made that increased the risk of the Macondo blowout clearly saved those companies significant time (and money)."[440][441]BP released a statement in response to this, saying, "Even prior to the conclusion of the commission’s investigation, BP instituted significant changes designed to further strengthen safety and risk management."[442] Transocean, however, blamed BP for making the decisions before the actual explosion occurred and government officials for permitting those decisions.[443] Halliburton stated that it was acting only upon the orders of BP when it injected the cement into the wall of the well.[442][444] Halliburton also blamed the governmental officials and BP. It criticized BP for its failure to run a cement bond log test.[443]
In the report, BP was accused of nine faults.[442][444] One was that it had not used a diagnostic tool to test the strength of the cement.[440] Another was ignoring a pressure test that had failed.[442] Still another was for not plugging the pipe with cement.[440] The study did not, however, place the blame on any one of these events. Rather, it concluded with the following statement blaming the management of Macondo:[442][444]
Better management of decision-making processes within BP and other companies, better communication within and between BP and its contractors and effective training of key engineering and rig personnel would have prevented the Macondo incident.
The panel also noted that the government regulators did not have sufficient knowledge or authority to notice these cost-cutting decisions.[441] The report advises Changing Business as Usual[445]
The record shows that without effective government oversight, the offshore oil and gas industry will not adequately reduce the risk of accidents, nor prepare effectively to respond in emergencies. However, government oversight, alone, cannot reduce those risks to the full extent possible. Government oversight (see Chapter 9) must be accompanied by the oil and gas industry's internal reinvention: sweeping reforms that accomplish no less than a fundamental transformation of its safety culture. Only through such a demonstrated transformation will industry—in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon disaster—truly earn the privilege of access to the nation's energy resources located on federal properties.
As noted above, the US government report issued in September 2011 states Halliburton, BP and Transocean were all, in different ways, responsible for the accident.[39]
Spill response fund
BP initially promised to compensate all those affected. Tony Hayward stated, "We are taking full responsibility for the spill and we will clean it up and where people can present legitimate claims for damages we will honour them. We are going to be very, very aggressive in all of that."
Cement plugs are placed in the borehole to prevent migration of fluids between the different formations. This also prevents the migration of gas or fluids to the surface.Potential Hazards:
Being struck by pressured lines when pumping cement.
Possible Solutions:
Instruct personnel to stand clear of pressurized lines.
Additional Information:
Bulletin E3, Well Abandonment and Inactive Well Practices for U.S. Exploration and Production Operations. American Petroleum Institute (API) Environmental Guidance Document, (2000, June). Addresses the environmental concerns related to well abandonment and inactive well practices including protection of freshwater aquifers from fluid migration; isolation of hydrocarbon production and water injection intervals. Additional issues in the document include protection of surface soils and surface waters, future and use, and permanent documentation of plugged and abandoned wellbore locations and conditions.
The top kill method BP is using in its latest of many attempts to shut the flow of oil into the Gulf of Mexico is dependent on one very mundane-sounding ingredient: mud. As plain as its name appears, though, this "mud," -- a.k.a "drilling mud" or "drilling fluid" -- is far from the same wet, dirty, stuff kids like to play in. First of all, drilling mud is made from chemical byproducts and costs a lot more (up to 10% of the total cost of well construction. The Deepwater Horizon rig cost $560 million, according toMarketwatch). In general, it is used in land and offshore drilling operations for cooling and cleaning functions, poured down the wellbore to force cuttings to the surface. Under high enough pressure, the right mud can even drill well boreholes itself. "Mud" in this context can actually refer to a wide range of different combinations of liquid and semi-solid substances such as clay, which can be divided into three general categories: water-based muds (which is what BP is using in this case), oil-based mud and gaseous mud. Here are more striking ways in which drilling mud differs dramatically from your garden-variety type: 1. It's at least twice as heavy per unit as water. 2. "Before the fluid will flow, a certain threshold pressure must be applied and any pressure lower than this will not initiate flow," writes Steve Devereux in "Drilling Technology in Nontechnical Language." 3. It is recyclable, although the process is somewhat arduous. 4. It can feed, kill or stun bacteria. 5. It can be compromised by gas, which also requires a special separation device to remove. 6. The job of handling mud goes to a drilling fluids engineer, and it is no cakewalk. The engineer sometimes must be on-call 24/7, living from rig to rig. According to Associate Publisher, the engineer spends his or her time "testing the drilling or completion fluids, making recommendations for its maintenance and then repeating the process at another rig(s). A daily stop like this, usually for an hour or two, is typically called a 'Drive-By'. A 24-hour assignment to a single land rig is called a 'sitting 'job.'" They pull an annual salary between $30,000 and $50,000. 7. The mud's effects on the environment are widely debated; some scientists say it is quiteharmful, and others consider it safe. BP is armed with 50,000 barrels of the stuff, which is being forcefully but carefully injected from surface barges to try to clog the well. But it has to be done without further damaging ruined blowout preventer resting atop it on the sea floor and worsening an already catastrophic disaster.
The oil and gas industry provides three-fifths of the energy for the United States. When most of us drive a car, turn on a light bulb, or cook on a stove, a large portion of the energy we use comes from the fossils of plants and animals. While fossil fuels are chemical sources of energy, the processes used to extract them from the earth often generate radioactive waste.
Even though we use them on a daily basis, most people know little about the processes that take oil and gas from the ground to produce energy. These processes may leave behind waste containing concentrations of naturally-occurring radioactive material (NORM) from the surrounding soils and rocks. Once exposed or concentrated by human activity, this naturally-occurring material becomes Technologically-Enhanced NORM or TENORM. Radioactive materials are not necessarily present in the soils at every well or drilling site. However in some areas of the country, such as the upper Midwest or Gulf Coast states, the soils are more like to contain radioactive material.
Radioactive wastes from oil and gas drilling take the form of produced water, drilling mud, sludge, slimes, or evaporation ponds and pits. It can also concentrate in the mineral scales that form in pipes (pipe scale), storage tanks, or other extraction equipment. Radionuclides in these wastes are primarily radium-226, radium-228, and radon gas. The radon is released to the atmosphere, while the produced water and mud containing radium are placed in ponds or pits for evaporation, re-use, or recovery.
The people most likely to be exposed to this source of radiation are workers at the site. They may inhale radon gas which is released during drilling and produced by the decay of radium, raising their risk of lung cancer. In addition, they are exposed to alpha and gamma radiation released during the decay of radium-226 and the low-energy gamma radiation and beta particles released by the decay of radium-228. (Gamma radiation can also penetrate the skin and raise the risk of cancer.) Workers following safety guidance will reduce their total on-site radiation exposure.
Most states and federal land management agencies currently have regulations which control the handling and disposal of radionuclides which may be present in production sites. However, the general public may be exposed to TENORM from oil and gas drilling when sites that were active prior to the mid-1970s, when regulations went into effect, are released for public use. It is likely that a number of these sites contain radioactive wastes. The public may also be exposed when contaminated equipment is reused in construction projects.
EPA is responsible for setting federal radiation standards for exposure to NORM and TENORM.
EPA develops standards for the oil and gas extraction and production industry under the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Safe Drinking Water Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
The States
Each state has one or more programs that address both NORM and TENORM. Some states have established or set limits to control to TENORM. These limits apply to the oil and gas drilling industry. Most states also control public exposure to radiation through programs implementing the federal Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and other environmental laws authorized by the EPA.
U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
DOL’s Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) establishes health and safety regulations for the oil and gas extraction, production, and servicing industry. OSHA also issues hazardous information bulletins to inform staff and the public of significant occupational safety and health issues including radiation hazard recognition, evaluation, and control in the workplace.
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
DOE provides grants for research on the use and disposal of radioactive materials related to the development of energy sources.
Government organizations continue to address potential threats from oil and gas drilling and production for the public health and safety but you can take actions as well for your own health and safety.
Workers in the industry have the potential for overexposure to radioactive material and must stay up-to-date on federal, state, and industry health and safety guidelines. Following these procedures will reduce total on-site exposure. Workers also need to take precautions to avoid bringing radioactive material residue on their clothes and shoes home to their families and neighborhoods.
Change out of potentially contaminated clothes and shoes before returning to the family car and to your home or office.
Do not re-use or bring home discarded equipment or material such as pipes, devices, bricks, rocks, or water.
Members of the public should contact their local state geological survey or bureau of health to determine if there is a likelihood of NORM and TENORM occurrence associated with oil and gas production in their state, or area where they live. Until then:
Limit exposures and disturbance of the production site and any abandoned equipment.
Do not handle, dispose or re-use abandoned equipment used at drilling sites.
Technologically-Enhanced, Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Material June 22, 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency On this website, you can read about the products, processes and industries that may generate TENORM. You can also learn about the laws and guidelines that apply to radioactive oil and gas drilling wastes and other TENORM.
Technologically-Enhanced, Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Material (TENORM) is produced when activities such as uranium mining, or sewage sludge treatment, concentrate or expose radioactive materials that occur naturally in ores, soils, water, or other natural materials.
EPA Will Be Reviewing and Potentially Revising its Health and Environmental Standards for Uranium and Thorium Milling Facilities
To ensure an open and transparent review of 40 CFR 192, EPA has launched a discussion forum where you may submit your thoughts. The forum website contains a library of relevant documents, as well as notices of meetings and opportunities for public participation. Four topics are currently open for discussion. You can also receive periodic email updates on our review by signing up below.
Working with Other Organizations EPA's joint efforts to address TENORM issues with other federal, state, and international organizations
Publications Technical reports about TENORM generation, management, and treatment Updated version of TENORM from Mining Wastes, Volume 2: Investigation of Potential Health, Geographic, and Environmental Issues of Abandoned Uranium Mines now available.
NOTE: This is a repost from April 2011 (No new information)
Being re-posted due to the re-emergence of a 4 mile oil slick seen at site of where well was supposedly plugged. Conditions in Assumption, Louisiana are continuing to deteriorate and will get much worse relative to the sink holes. 30 spots bubbling to date now. HR-6566 was passed by congress September 28th, action plan for massive fatalities. And crisis management unit went into action October 1, Northcom Mission Assumption.
We don't believe in coincidences at AD.
9 vocal critics or potential whistleblowers of the Gulf oil spill all died in extremely mysterious ways. Their deaths could be strange, unrelated coincidences. Or they could have been killed as part of a conspiracy to silence those who were speaking out against the worst oil spill in American history. (fApril 2011)
Local News: Reports of mysterious loud earthquakes flooding in to Louisiana towns — "Of course the sinkhole comes to mind" — Dozens of miles away — So rare, no seismic monitors in area October 5th, 2012
Hugh amounts of Military personnel and hardware being moved with nation wide drill NORTHCOM "Mission Assumption" October 1 2012 apparently started yesterday and appears to be a continuation of Operation "Vibrant Response 13" where one of the scenario itself is a daunting one -- a (simulated) 10-kiloton nuclear detonation in a major Midwestern city "The exercise features a simulated death count of over 300,000 [victims]," said Justo Hernandez, a team leader with FEMA. The 19-day major incident response exercise brings together local, state and federal agencies, including Department of Defense resources; it is conducted by U.S. Northern Command and led by U.S. Army North. The exercise lasts from July 26 through August 13.
I created this video with the YouTube Video Editor (http://www.youtube.com/editor). Once AGAIN I find myself caught up in the crosshairs of very real Catastrophe caused by British Petroleum and this ever expanding Louisiana sinkhole located 40 miles East of me also caused by oilfield companies and UNITED STATES Military making a toxic dump of a once pristine "Sportman's Paradise". What Genius State Officials we have! To allow oilfield and Nuclear Waste to be dumped in our excavated salt domes is beyond STUPID! As a lifelong resident and Native son to the Home my Ancestors established as far back as The American Revolutionary War, I find myself totally disgusted with both State & US Government. HOW DARE THEY DUMP THIS TOXIC WASTE IN OUR BACKYARDS AND SUPPOSED PROTECTED WETLANDS! The thought of losing this place my Family made Home long ago along with the reality of permanent damage being CAUSED by all responsible (irresponsible) parties is NOT AT ALL ACCEPTABLE. What intelligent human being in the role of trusted custodian would even consider doing this to our State? To Scott Angelle (newly resigned DNR chief now with BALLS enough to actually run for Public Service Commissioner) - you sir, the Governor AND all your predecessors belong behind bars. You had best pray people do not put all this together & administer a good old fashioned horse whipping! When will this Betrayal ever cease? This is beyond STUPID and downright LUDICROUS!
Thanks to TheGrowingAwareness for allowing re-upload per CreativeCommons. Very soon I will be posting my own on this topic. I've just been overwhelmed by so much crap that I can barely keep pace anymore. God Bless you my friends.
At 6:20 you make an excellent point about what we were actually seeing from the media. This point goes for EVERYTHING that we see that is provided to us by the media. Bravo.Peace :)
I've seen a map which was said of millit.origin and really huge parts of US were flooded by the mississippi...some say the whole region had to be evucuated as soon as possible...don't want to fear monger but all sounded very seriously!
Look into Corexit & Synthia. Also look into. Another good source of info is the JesseVenturaBPConspiracyTheory video. A LOT of verified & verifiable facts & truth there. Look into 5 time Russian solution for uncapable wells. Not trying to be cryptic, you just wouldn't believe me if I told you, you need to find it for yourself. The NMSZ has been "presurized" & they don't know how to stop what's happening. SGB1-PM me & I'll give you links later.
Thank You for the info & obvious effort put into it. You stated "boiling", numerous times, & I'm curious to find out which of your sources support that. Bubbling I know plenty about but "boiling" is new to me & I've been doing almost nothing but researching this ongoing situation for the last 4-5 weeks now. You need to look into interviews done with the whistle blower that died in his hot tub. I don't have my notes in front of me & am not awake enough to be specific but his info is accurate.
SOMETHINS ABOUT TO BURST LOOSE!! TOO MANY HAVE HAD DREAMS & VISIONS OF AMERICA BURNING SUCH AS NUKE FIRES! WHAT ABOUT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS? ANY ALONG THE MAP LINE FROM LOUISIANA UPWARD? AMERICA, ITS TIME TO RE, WEEP & HOWL FOR GODS FORGIVNESS & MERCY AS NINEVAH DID!!! OR WE WILL NOT RECEIVE A TURNING BACK IN TIME!! MANY OF US ARE GOING TO DIE VERY SOON IF WE DONT DO SOMETHING NOW.
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Thank You for your updates on the Sinkhole. You help many people that are not receiving the status of the Disaster. I am sharing this update in my blog and hope that is okay with You. Thanks again, people that have difficulty reading print appreciate your verbal reports.
Pink heres an explanation of the situation I thought you might like The entire planet is in extreme danger. We now understand that the Luann salt layer sits on top of a newly discovered tectonic plate fragment covering millions of square miles thats sliding southeastward washing out the salt brine. The source of the problem is a methane deposit held between the tectonic plate and the salt layer thats dissolving because of the continuing use of Corexit and Synthia.
The stinkhole is a very dangerous situation and people don't seem to understand exactly how dangerous it is. This is not going to end good. The truth is the sinkhole is a symptom of a much larger even worse problem happening in the Gulf of Mexico because of the continuing use of Corexit and Synthia.
Mr. Andersen explains why radiation occurs and describes the major types of radiation. He also shows how alpha, beta, and gamma radiation affect the nucleus of a radioactive atom. Nuclear equations are also discussed.
This free website was created specifically to provide, in one single location, all publicly available information regarding the storage of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in the United States. Here you will find historical information, current details, and planned activities involving SNF storage. Relevant documents or links to relevant documents are available as well as useful photographs, videos and news articles. In addition, a blog is provided for readers to leave messages and to comment upon messages from others. In the event that you discover important information is missing or details that are provided are in need of addition or revision, you can provide your knowledge or supply details so that updates to this site can be made.
The site began in February 2012 by publishing its first few pages. As of April 2012 the site has over 100 pages and is still growing. Updates are occuring on a daily basis. Please feel free to leave a comment with a recommendation on what type of information should be included. Suggest a topic that we should address. Point us to where we can secure details about SNF storage. All input is encouraged and welcome.
Current Sites
Almost all of the commercial spent nuclear fuel in the United States is stored at commercial nuclear reactor sites where it was generated — either in water-filled fuel pools or in dry cask storage systems. SNF is stored at each of the 104 commercial nuclear power plants licensed to operate as well as 9 sites where commercial nuclear reactors have been shutdown and are no longer operating. Commercial SNF is stored at one or more locations in 33 states.
In the US as of the end of 2011, approximately 50,000 metric tons of commercial SNF is store in wet pools and approximately 15,000 metric tons is stored in dry casks. To put this volume in a real-world perspective, if all the commercial SNF in the US were collected in one place, it would fill a football field to a depth of about 20 feet. Each commercial nuclear reactor in the US uses about 20 metric tons of uranium fuel per year, and the industry as a whole generates between 2,000 and 2,400 metric tons of SNF annually.
The growth in the amount of SNF storage in the US is highly dependent on the extent to which existing nuclear power plants continue to operate, and for how long. In addition, the amount of SNF to be generated over the next several decades depends on whether new nuclear power plants are granted licenses to operate, how many new plants will be licensed, and the length of time they will operate. On the two extremes of “no growth” and “high growth” it is anticipated that the amount of commercial SNF stored in the US by 2050 will be between 150,000 and 200,000 metric tons — double to triple the amount that currently exists. In fact, if all the commercial nuclear power plants in the US were shut down today, about 75,000 metric tons of SNF would require storage (this figure includes the SNF currently being used to power the reactors).
Nuclear Energy Institute's Everett Redmond, Director of Nonproliferation and Fuel Cycle Policy, describes the purpose and design of a spent fuel pool to safely store used fuel at nuclear energy plants. For more information on U.S. plants safely managing used nuclear fuel, visit:http://bit.ly/gPXt7N For a tutorial video on dry cask storage, watch here: http://bit.ly/idZSVY
River Bend Station Unit 1 is located in St. Francisville, Louisiana approximately 24 miles north-northeast of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The General Electric BWR is operated by Entergy Nuclear South and owned by Entergy Gulf States, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Entergy Corp. The plant is licensed to operate until August 29, 2025.
The ISFSI at River Bend began accepting SNF in December 2005 pursuant to a general license. The ISFSI is located within the plant’s security perimeter and consists of a single concrete storage pad. As of the end of September 2010, there were 1,020 SNF assemblies stored in 15 dry casks. The casks are manufactured by Holtec — the Hi-Storm 100 cask system and the MPC-68 canister type. As of the end of 2010, there were 1,210 metric tons of SNF stored at the two nuclear power plant sites located in the State of Louisiana — River Bend and Waterford.
Additional information regarding River Bend Station can be found at the following links:
In June of 1986, River Bend Nuclear Station in St. Francisville, La. became the second nuclear power plant to produce electricity in Louisiana. June 2011 marked River Bend's next milestone as it celebrated 25 years of safe and reliable operation.
River Bend received a power upgrade of approximately 52 megawatts in 2003 and now generates 974 megawatts of electricity. River Bend's output meets approximately 10 percent of the total energy demand of Louisiana.
At River Bend, it has always been a goal to continuously serve the community in which we operate. Through grants from Entergy, River Bend has been able to promote tourism, after-school development, drug and alcohol awareness and recreational opportunities in St. Francisville, West Feliciana Parish and East Feliciana Parish. River Bend employees maintain a strong presence within the community by giving of their personal time through volunteer efforts as well as educating the public on nuclear energy. These opportunities range from elementary school visits and presentations to state university tours, Baton Rouge Earth Day, Girl Scout and Boy Scout Nuclear Science Days, St. Francisville Summer Fest and National Nuclear Science Week.
River Bend Nuclear StationSt. Francisville, La.
Owner:
Entergy Gulf States Louisiana, L.L.C.
Maximum Dependable Capacity:
974 MW
Reactor Type:
Boiling Water Reactor
Reactor Manufacturer:
General Electric
Turbine Generator Manufacturer:
General Electric
Architect/Engineer:
Stone and Webster
Commercial Operation Date:
6/16/1986
License Expiration Date:
8/29/2025
Cooling Water Source:
Mechanical draft cooling towers with make-up water from the Mississippi River
Number of Employees:
675
Parishes included in Emergency Planning Zone:
East Feliciana, West Feliciana, East Baton Rouge, West Baton Rouge and Pointe Coupee’
Environmental Impact
Generating electricity with nuclear energy prevents the emission of pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) associated with burning fossil fuels.
During 2011, environmental emissions avoided due to nuclear power plant operation in Louisiana included 19,000 tons of sulfur dioxide, 12,000 tons of nitrogen oxide and 12 million metric tons of carbon dioxide.*
Emissions of SO2 lead to the formation of acid rain. NOx is a key precursor of both ground-level ozone and smog. Greenhouse gases like CO2 contribute to global warming.
Waterford 3
In September of 2010, Waterford 3 Steam Electric Station in Killona, La., celebrated 25 years of producing safe, clean and reliable electricity for customers in Louisiana. Now, Waterford 3 is preparing to build on that legacy of excellence for years to come through a steam generator replacement project. The project is one of many that will enable the plant's 1,159 dependable megawatts of electricity to continue supplying 12 percent of the state's needs.
One of Entergy's core values is a commitment to the safety of customers and employees. Waterford 3 is a Star site recognized through the Voluntary Protection Program of the Occupation Safety and Health Administration.
A hallmark of Entergy and Waterford 3 is strengthening our communities. The employees of Waterford build up their local communities through a variety of outreach efforts supporting education, the arts, environmental awareness, workforce development and helping those in need by partnering with the United Way of St. Charles Parish. Waterford is an industry-recognized leader in nuclear power and the staff stands ready to power Louisiana into the future.
Waterford 3Killona, La.
Owner:
Entergy Louisiana, LLC
Maximum Dependable Capacity:
1,159 MW
Reactor Type:
Pressurized Water Reactor
Reactor Manufacturer:
Combustion Engineering
Turbine Generator Manufacturer:
Westinghouse
Architect/Engineer:
Ebasco
Commercial Operation Date:
9/24/1985
License Expiration Date:
12/18/2024
Cooling Water Source:
Once through system with the Mississippi River as the water source
Number of Employees:
650
Parishes included in Emergency Planning Zone:
St. Charles and St. John
Grand Gulf Nuclear Station
In July of 1985, Grand Gulf Nuclear Station in Port Gibson, Miss., made history by becoming the first and only nuclear power plant to produce electricity in Mississippi. Now Grand Gulf is marking another milestone with a power upgrade that will make it the largest single-unit nuclear power plant in the country and fifth largest in the world. Grand Gulf is owned and operated by System Energy Resources, Inc. (90 percent) and South Mississippi Electric Power Association (10 percent).
The project will be one of the largest expansions of a nuclear power plant in U.S. history and increase Grand Gulf’s production by more than 13 percent, bringing total output to 1,443 megawatts. The action is part of Entergy’s overall plan to close a growing gap between the amount of power the company produces and the amount that customers use. Today, Grand Gulf is already the most affordable source of electricity in Mississippi.
One of Entergy’s core values is a commitment to communities, and Grand Gulf and its employees maintain a strong presence in Port Gibson and Claiborne County. A recent Communitas Award for Leadership in Community Service applauded Grand Gulf’s community efforts that include a partnership with a local university on a health physics internship program, the establishment of an economic development organization for the area and a multitude of support programs for public education, the arts and low-income customers.
Grand Gulf Nuclear StationPort Gibson, Miss.
Owner:
System Energy Resources, Inc. (90%) South Mississippi Electric Power Association (10%)
Maximum Dependable Capacity:
1,071 MW
Reactor Type:
Boiling Water Reactor
Reactor Manufacturer:
General Electric
Turbine Generator Manufacturer:
Kraftwerk Union
Architect/Engineer:
Bechtel Power
Commercial Operation Date:
7/01/1985
License Expiration Date:
11/01/2024
Cooling Water Source:
Collector Wells
Number of Employees:
675
Counties included in Emergency Planning Zone:
Claiborne County, Miss., and Tensas Parish, La.
Spent Fuel Storage at Each Site
Each Entergy Nuclear plant has an aggressive waste minimization program designed to achieve the lowest category of hazardous waste production. Additionally, most nuclear fuel loses about 50 percent of its radioactivity within three months and about 80 percent after one year. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has determined that hazardous used fuel could be stored at plant sites for 100 years without adverse health or safety consequences.
While spent fuel is currently being stored safely on-site, Entergy Nuclear looks forward to the federal government's establishment of a permanent disposal site. Meanwhile, standardized building procedures and new technologies are reducing the cost and enhancing the attractiveness of nuclear generation. Standard plans are producing more reliable and efficient plants while new technology has the potential to make future plants even safer and more economical.
...this is brendasue signing off from Rainbow Creek. See You next Time. Love to all and stay SAFE. O+O
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