Hi Everybody! Party Tonight!
This Spring (2012rt), the Hubble Telescope Celebrates Twenty (20) Years in Orbit around Earth. Many people on Earth still are not aware of the Telescope or the Images. Tonight's Blog will focus our attention on What is Hubble???? I have gathered some information public on the web of Hubble and presented it here in the form of images, videos and text. I encourage You to expose yourself to this information and see what You absorb! It is a good thing to learn a little bit about everything, but that is entirely up to You. I just put it out here to look at. It is your choice to look or not!
The photostudy tonight has a big WOW factor! It is images from Hubble. I feel this is the greatest camera in history producing images that seem more fantasy than fantasies I could dream up! But, my photofriends, these are real images of real places in the Universe. It is all being mapped as it is revealed to us in time. The vids tonight are short but very great. I hope You will find this Hubble Party Page interesting. One of You will see something on this page tonight that will change your life and your thinking. I am interested in which One of You this turns out to be! Enjoy the Party!
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Hubble Space Telescope huggers are celebrating the iconic observatory's 20th birthday, even as scientists anticipate the next generation of bigger and more powerful successors to the famed orbital instrument.
The Hubble Space Telescopelaunched on April 24, 1990 with a flawed mirror, but survived for two decades in large part because of five repair missions by space shuttle astronauts. Its cosmic gaze has led to breakthrough discoveries about the universe and embedded stunning views of the cosmos in the hearts and minds of the public.
"Hubble has done all those things and become an icon of science because it can produce glorious images," said Rick Fienberg, an astronomer and press officer of the American Astronomical Society.
But there's bigger and better science yet to come.
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| NASA's Hubble Space Telescope maintains its orbit around Earth. The space agency hopes to upgrade the aging observatory some time in August 2008. CREDIT: NASA |
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http://www.space.com/8277-bigger-space-telescopes-hubble-footsteps.html
Hubble Space Telescope
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation. A 2.4-meter (7.9 ft) aperture telescope in low Earth orbit, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared. The telescope is named after theastronomer Edwin Hubble.
Hubble's orbit outside the distortion of Earth's atmosphere allows it to take extremely sharp images with almost no background light. Hubble's Ultra-Deep Fieldimage, for instance, is the most detailed visible-light image ever made of the universe's most distant objects. Many Hubble observations have led to breakthroughs in astrophysics, such as accurately determining the rate of expansion of the universe.
Although not the first space telescope, Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well known as both a vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy. The HST was built by the United States space agency NASA, with contributions from the European Space Agency, and is operated by the Space Telescope Science Institute. The HST is one of NASA's Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.[6]
Space telescopes were proposed as early as 1923. Hubble was funded in the 1970s, with a proposed launch in 1983, but the project was beset by technical delays, budget problems, and the Challenger disaster. When finally launched in 1990, scientists found that the main mirror had been ground incorrectly, compromising the telescope's capabilities. The telescope was restored to its intended quality by a servicing mission in 1993.
Hubble is the only telescope designed to be serviced in space by astronauts. Between 1993 and 2002, four missions repaired, upgraded, and replaced systems on the telescope; a fifth mission was canceled on safety grounds following theColumbia disaster. However, after spirited public discussion, NASA administratorMike Griffin approved one final servicing mission, completed in 2009. The telescope is now expected to function until at least 2014. Its scientific successor, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), is to be launched in 2018 or possibly later.
| General information | |
|---|---|
| NSSDC ID | 1990-037B |
| Organization | NASA / ESA / STScI |
| Launch date | April 24, 1990, 8:33:51 amEDT[1][2] |
| Launch vehicle | Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-31) |
| Mission length | 22 years and 5 days elapsed |
| Deorbited | due ~2013–2021[3][4] |
| Mass | 11,110 kg (24,500 lb) |
| Type of orbit | Near-circular low Earth orbit |
| Orbit height | 559 km (347 mi) |
| Orbit period | 96–97 minutes (14-15 periods per day) |
| Orbit velocity | 7,500 m/s (25,000 ft/s) |
| Acceleration due to gravity | 8.169 m/s2 (26.80 ft/s2) |
| Location | Low Earth orbit |
| Telescope style | Ritchey-Chrétien reflector |
| Wavelength | visible light, ultraviolet, near-infrared |
| Diameter | 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in) |
| Collecting area | 4.5 m2 (48 sq ft)[5] |
| Focal length | 57.6 m (189 ft) |
| Instruments | |
| NICMOS | infrared camera/spectrometer |
| ACS | optical survey camera (partially failed) |
| WFC3 | wide field optical camera |
| COS | ultraviolet spectrograph |
| STIS | optical spectrometer/camera |
| FGS | three fine guidance sensors |
| Website | hubble.nasa.gov hubblesite.org www.spacetelescope.org |
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HubbleExploded.svg
http://www.space.com/15665-edwin-powell-hubble.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+spaceheadlines+%28SPACE.com+Headline+Feed%29
One of Our Great Heros!
Edwin Powell Hubble: Biography
Often lauded as the father of modern cosmology, Edwin Powell Hubble made several significant discoveries that changed how scientists viewed the universe. Born in 1889, Hubble began his professional life as a lawyer, but returned to school after only a few years to obtain a doctorate in astronomy. After graduation, he was invited to work at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California, but had to delay his acceptance while he served as a soldier in World War I.
Edwin Hubble, credited with the discovery of the expansion of the universe, at the Mount Wilson Observatory
CREDIT: : Mt. Wilson Archive, Carnegie Institution of Washington
CREDIT: : Mt. Wilson Archive, Carnegie Institution of Washington
Upon return to civilian life, he took a position at the observatory, where he was able to work with the two largest telescopes in the world, the 60-inch and 100-inch Hooker reflectors. He left the observatory again in 1942 to serve in World War II, where he was awarded the Medal of Merit. Before his death in 1953, at the age of 63, he oversaw the construction of the 200-inch Hale Telescope on Palomar Mountain, which would be the largest telescope on Earth until the Russian BTA-6 was built in 1976.
Galaxies outside the Milky Way
In the 1920s, the small, diffuse patches in the sky were termed nebulae, and were thought to exist within the Milky Way. While examining images of NGC 6822, M33, and M31 individually, Hubble noticed a pulsating star known as a Cepheid variable inside each one. Cepheids are special because their pulsation allows for precise measurements of distance. Hubble calculated how far away each Cepheid lay — and thus how far to each nebula — and realized they were too distant to be inside of the Milky Way.
Astronomers realized that these nebulae were in fact galaxies like the Milky Way, each containing billions of stars. The universe, once thought to be contained by the Milky Way, expanded significantly in the eyes of astronomers.
Around the same time, Hubble published a standard classification system to use for the galaxies. At the time, a descriptive system existed, and two other systems were proposed soon after, but they were insufficient. Hubble's clear method of organizing the various classes focuses on three galactic types: ellipticals, spiral and barred spirals, and irregulars. Known as the “tuning fork” diagram (due to its resemblance to that musical piece), the method organizes ellipticals by their ellipticity (how stretched out they are from a perfect circle), while spirals and barred spirals become less tightly wound as they progress.
Hubble originally thought that galaxies evolved from ellipticals to spirals, but scientists now know that each galaxy's shape is determined in its early life.
The expanding universe
In studying the various galaxies, Hubble was able to determine that they did not sit stationary in space. Instead, virtually every galaxy seems to be rushing away from the Earth (the Andromeda Galaxy is instead rushing towards us and will collide with the Milky Way in about five billion years). Astronomers rushed to test his calculations on other galaxies, and found that some were moving as quickly as 90 million mph (40,000 kilometers per second) in the opposite direction.
The calculation to determine the rate at which the universe is expanding is known as Hubble's law, though it was originally proposed by Georges Lemaître in 1927. According to the calculation, the universe is expanding at a constant rate, known as the Hubble constant.
Over a decade before Hubble published his work, renowned scientist Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity called for an expanding universe. But Einstein removed the equations because they contradicted the evidence of the day. After Hubble had shown the universe was, in fact, expanding, Einstein visited him at Mount Wilson, calling his decision to change the equations, "the greatest blunder of my life."
A lifetime contribution
Though Hubble is most well known for these major discoveries, he also made a number of other contributions to the field of astronomy, and numerous awards. But he never received the Nobel Prize, despite his role in improving the existing understanding of the universe. During his lifetime, astronomy was considered a field of physics for the world-renowned Nobel Prize. Hubble labored in vain for a change that would allow astronomers such as himself to be recognized. Unfortunately, it didn't happen until 1953, the year Hubble died. Since the Nobel Prize cannot be awarded posthumously, Hubble was ineligible.
In 1990, 101 years after Hubble's death, NASA launched the Hubble Space Telescope into orbit around the Earth. The telescope, named for Edwin Hubble, has provided a wealth of information about the cosmos, transmitting hundreds of thousands of images to scientists on Earth. It has allowed for more precise calculations of the age of the universe, shown galaxies in all stages of the universe, and played a key role in the discovery of dark energy, the force causing the universe to expand. [Celestial Photos: Hubble Space Telescope's Latest Cosmic Views]
— Nola Taylor Redd
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Of course, one more great performance!
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Image Credits:
http://www.google.com/earth/explore/showcase/hubble20th.html
Pillars in the Eagle Nebula
Pillars of gas in the Eagle Nebula are sculpted by stellar winds and radiation. Embryonic stars form inside the pillars.
Hubble Telescope
Launched into orbit in 1990, NASA's Hubble Telescope has revolutionized astronomy and inspired a generation with its magnificent views of the universe. To celebrate Hubble's 20th Birthday, we've teamed up with our friends at the Space Telescope Science Institute to share our 20 favorite Hubble images. Browse the images below, watch this tour video, or download our new Hubble tour in Google Earth and fly to these locations in space! http://www.google.com/earth/explore/showcase/hubble20th.html
https://plus.google.com/104933578966497599647/posts
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr2010013a/
About This Image
Hubble's 20th anniversary image shows a mountain of dust and gas rising in the Carina Nebula. The top of a three-light-year tall pillar of cool hydrogen is being worn away by the radiation of nearby stars, while stars within the pillar unleash jets of gas that stream from the peaks.
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr2005037a/
About This Image
The Crab Nebula is a supernova remnant, all that remains of a tremendous stellar explosion. Observers in China and Japan recorded the supernova nearly 1,000 years ago, in 1054.
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr2007041a/
About This Image
Bright knots of glowing gas light up the arms of spiral galaxy M74, indicating a rich environment of star formation. Messier 74, also called NGC 628, is slightly smaller than our Milky Way.
Acknowledgment: R. Chandar (University of Toledo) and J. Miller (University of Michigan)
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr1995001a/
About This Image
Intricate structures of concentric gas shells, jets of high-speed gas and shock-induced knots of gas make up this complicated planetary nebula. The Cat's Eye Nebula is about 1,000 years old, and could have resulted from a double-star system.
Credit: J.P. Harrington and K.J. Borkowski (University of Maryland), andNASA
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr1999020a/
About This Image
This picture of the nebula NGC 3603 shows globules of gas and dust; giant, gaseous pillars; young stars surrounded by debris disks; aging, massive stars; and a blue supergiant star . all various stages in star life.
Credit: Wolfgang Brandner (JPL/IPAC), Eva K. Grebel (Univ. Washington), You-Hua Chu (Univ. Illinois Urbana-Champaign), and NASA
About This Image
This planetary nebula, also known as the "Eight-Burst" Nebula because of its figure-8 appearance through amateur astronomer telescopes, is visible in the southern hemisphere. NGC 3132 is nearly half a light year in diameter and 2,000 light years away. Gases are moving away from the dying star at its center at a speed of nine miles per second (14.4 km/s).
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr2007035b/
About This Image
The galaxy I Zwicky 18, originally thought to be a young galaxy, actually seems to have formed around the same time as most other galaxies. The bluish-white knots in the heart of the galaxy are two major star-forming regions.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and A. Aloisi (Space Telescope Science Institute andEuropean Space Agency, Baltimore, Md.)
http://hubblesite.org/gallery/wallpaper/pr1999004a/
About This Image
Glittering stars and wisps of gas create a backdrop for the self-destruction of a massive star. Its remains . the supernova remnant in the center of the picture, looking like a trio of red, linked rings . will continue to heat and excite the gas around it for a decade.
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